The former player: 'I wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This article contains details of racially offensive comments and behaviour
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racism in professional rugby brought his career to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the game, displaying digital communications and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to retire because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I really hoped to continue playing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and accept that this whole process is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather sufficient proof to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly excluded for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"We has given significant attention on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are ongoing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a environment of acceptance but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face training on building welcoming cultures, with its success tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and finished your career, but in our view, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died soon after the filming of the film, and his sister passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in his hometown, maintains his work to make the sport more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in under-served communities and support them succeed both on the pitch with complimentary sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal motivations are pure, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"We have an obligation to make the game as excellent as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more comfortable others will become about sharing their personal stories as well.
"I take the bull by the opportunity and keep bearing this flag and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that the sport has the ability to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in late 2022